{"id":1630,"date":"2026-02-28T11:25:56","date_gmt":"2026-02-28T11:25:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tech-posts.com\/vi\/a-comprehensive-guide-to-include-and-extend-relationships-in-uml-use-case-diagrams\/"},"modified":"2026-02-28T11:25:56","modified_gmt":"2026-02-28T11:25:56","slug":"a-comprehensive-guide-to-include-and-extend-relationships-in-uml-use-case-diagrams","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tech-posts.com\/vi\/a-comprehensive-guide-to-include-and-extend-relationships-in-uml-use-case-diagrams\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ed9t H\u01b0\u1edbng D\u1eabn To\u00e0n Di\u1ec7n V\u1ec1 C\u00e1c M\u1ed1i Quan H\u1ec7 Include v\u00e0 Extend Trong S\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed3 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ee3p S\u1eed D\u1ee5ng UML"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Unified_Modeling_Language\">Ng\u00f4n Ng\u1eef M\u00f4 H\u00ecnh H\u00f3a \u0110\u01a1n Nh\u1ea5t (UML)<\/a>s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n (ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i) t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Hai m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u2014<strong>Include<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>Extend<\/strong>\u2014gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh h\u00e0nh vi. B\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, k\u00e8m theo c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 Include v\u00e0 Extend l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong <a href=\"https:\/\/www.visual-paradigm.com\/guide\/uml-unified-modeling-language\/what-is-use-case-diagram\/\">s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng UML<\/a>, <strong>Include<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>Extend<\/strong>c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 Include v\u00e0 Extend cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n chia nh\u1ecf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn. C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y t\u0103ng t\u00ednh module, gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img alt=\"Include\u201d and \u201cExtend\u201d Use Cases - Visual Paradigm Blog\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.visual-paradigm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/include-and-extend-use-case-diagram.png\"\/><\/p>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 Include (<\/strong><span class=\"text-sm px-1 rounded-sm !font-mono bg-sunset\/10 text-rust dark:bg-dawn\/10 dark:text-dawn\">&lt;&lt;include&gt;&gt;<\/span><strong>)<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho h\u00e0nh vi b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf. N\u00f3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 Extend (<\/strong><span class=\"text-sm px-1 rounded-sm !font-mono bg-sunset\/10 text-rust dark:bg-dawn\/10 dark:text-dawn\">&lt;&lt;extend&gt;&gt;<\/span><strong>)<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho h\u00e0nh vi t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, gi\u00fap tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u1ea3 hai m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u0169i t\u00ean n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u1edbi nh\u00e3n ch\u1ec9 ra<span class=\"text-sm px-1 rounded-sm !font-mono bg-sunset\/10 text-rust dark:bg-dawn\/10 dark:text-dawn\">&lt;&lt;include&gt;&gt;<\/span> ho\u1eb7c <span class=\"text-sm px-1 rounded-sm !font-mono bg-sunset\/10 text-rust dark:bg-dawn\/10 dark:text-dawn\">&lt;&lt;extend&gt;&gt;<\/span>. H\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a m\u0169i t\u00ean l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 Include (<span class=\"text-sm px-1 rounded-sm !font-mono bg-sunset\/10 text-rust dark:bg-dawn\/10 dark:text-dawn\">&lt;&lt;include&gt;&gt;<\/span>)<\/h2>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1i <strong>Bao g\u1ed3m<\/strong>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 Bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0nh vi chung, b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng duy nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>B\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c<\/strong>: Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n khi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>: Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>L\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc chung, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>H\u01b0\u1edbng<\/strong>: M\u0169i t\u00ean ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m, cho th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh nh\u00e3n<span class=\"text-sm px-1 rounded-sm !font-mono bg-sunset\/10 text-rust dark:bg-dawn\/10 dark:text-dawn\">&lt;&lt;bao g\u1ed3m&gt;&gt;<\/span>n\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 1: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mua s\u1eafm tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">X\u00e9t m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mua s\u1eafm tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn n\u01a1i kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<strong>\u0110\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c <strong>H\u1ee7y \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng<\/strong>. C\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i<strong>\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<\/strong>v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/strong>: <strong>\u0110\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng<\/strong>, <strong>H\u1ee7y \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m<\/strong>: <strong>\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/strong>: \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 h\u1ee7y \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng. Thay v\u00ec sao ch\u00e9p ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp trong c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t<strong>\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<\/strong> tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m b\u1edfi c\u1ea3 hai.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<pre><code>[\u0110\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng] ----&lt;&lt;bao g\u1ed3m&gt;&gt;----&gt; [\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp]\r\n[H\u1ee7y \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng] ----&lt;&lt;bao g\u1ed3m&gt;&gt;----&gt; [\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp]<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 2: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<strong>M\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00e1ch<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c<strong>Tr\u1ea3 s\u00e1ch<\/strong>. C\u1ea3 hai quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<strong>X\u00e1c minh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/strong>: <strong>M\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00e1ch<\/strong>, <strong>Tr\u1ea3 s\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m<\/strong>: <strong>X\u00e1c minh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/strong>: X\u00e1c minh danh t\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ebb th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd) l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c trong c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c m\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 s\u00e1ch. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<strong>X\u00e1c minh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong> use case \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<pre><code>[M\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00e1ch] ----&lt;&lt;bao g\u1ed3m&gt;&gt;----&gt; [X\u00e1c minh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng]\r\n[Tr\u1ea3 s\u00e1ch] ----&lt;&lt;bao g\u1ed3m&gt;&gt;----&gt; [X\u00e1c minh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng]<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">Khi n\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Khi nhi\u1ec1u use case chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c chung.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Khi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 use case b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Khi use case \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 <strong>\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c <strong>X\u00e1c minh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr\/>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (<span class=\"text-sm px-1 rounded-sm !font-mono bg-sunset\/10 text-rust dark:bg-dawn\/10 dark:text-dawn\">&lt;&lt;m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng&gt;&gt;<\/span>)<\/h2>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 <strong>M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u00e0nh vi t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p use case c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n duy tr\u00ec t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong khi th\u00eam h\u00e0nh vi t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn\/\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/strong>: Use case m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/strong>: Use case m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o use case c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>\u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: Use case c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u01a1i h\u00e0nh vi m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e8n v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>H\u01b0\u1edbng<\/strong>: M\u0169i t\u00ean ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb use case m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn use case c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, cho th\u1ea5y use case m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00eam h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0o use case c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh nh\u00e3n <span class=\"text-sm px-1 rounded-sm !font-mono bg-sunset\/10 text-rust dark:bg-dawn\/10 dark:text-dawn\">&lt;&lt;extend&gt;&gt;<\/span> k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i use case m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi use case c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e8m theo ghi ch\u00fa n\u00eau r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 1: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ATM<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ATM, use case c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0<strong>R\u00fat ti\u1ec1n<\/strong>. M\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn, <strong>In h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n<\/strong>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u in h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Use case c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/strong>: <strong>R\u00fat ti\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Use case m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: <strong>In h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ch\u1ecdn in h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n sau khi r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/strong>: In h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Use case <strong>In h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n<\/strong> m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng <strong>R\u00fat ti\u1ec1n<\/strong> t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u in h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<pre><code>[In h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n] ----&lt;&lt;extend&gt;&gt;----&gt; [R\u00fat ti\u1ec1n]\r\n(Ghi ch\u00fa: \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n = Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u in h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n)<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 2: N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Trong n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<strong>L\u00e0m b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra<\/strong>. M\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn, <strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u1ee3i \u00fd<\/strong>, x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/strong>: <strong>Tham gia b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: <strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u1ee3i \u00fd<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u1ee3i \u00fd trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u1ee3i \u00fd l\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p <strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u1ee3i \u00fd<\/strong> tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng <strong>Tham gia b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra<\/strong> t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<pre><code>[Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u1ee3i \u00fd] ----&lt;&lt;m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng&gt;&gt;----&gt; [Tham gia b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra]\r\n(Ghi ch\u00fa: \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n = Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3)<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">Khi n\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Khi h\u00e0nh vi l\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Khi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n gi\u1eef cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Khi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: <strong>In h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n<\/strong> l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 <strong>R\u00fat ti\u1ec1n<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr\/>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\">S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa Include v\u00e0 Extend<\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa <strong>Include<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong> quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n<table>\n<colgroup>\n<col\/>\n<col\/>\n<col\/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"border-border\">\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/p>\n<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Bao g\u1ed3m (<\/strong><span class=\"text-sm px-1 rounded-sm !font-mono bg-sunset\/10 text-rust dark:bg-dawn\/10 dark:text-dawn\">&lt;&lt;bao g\u1ed3m&gt;&gt;<\/span><strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (<\/strong><span class=\"text-sm px-1 rounded-sm !font-mono bg-sunset\/10 text-rust dark:bg-dawn\/10 dark:text-dawn\">&lt;&lt;m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng&gt;&gt;<\/span><strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"border-border\">\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>H\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f3, lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Kh\u00f4ng, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"border-border\">\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>H\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f3, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Kh\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"border-border\">\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>N\u00f3 c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"border-border\">\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Th\u00eam h\u00e0nh vi t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"border-border\">\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>H\u01b0\u1edbng m\u0169i t\u00ean<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u2192 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u2192 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<hr\/>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng<\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">H\u00e3y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 hai m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang trong m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng cho ph\u00e9p kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<strong>\u0110\u1eb7t m\u00f3n \u0103n<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>\u0110\u1eb7t b\u00e0n<\/strong>. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ed5 sung nh\u01b0 <strong>Thanh to\u00e1n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u mang \u0111i<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>\u0110\u1eb7t m\u00f3n \u0103n<\/strong>: Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00f3n \u0103n t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>\u0110\u1eb7t b\u00e0n<\/strong>: Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/strong>: X\u00e1c minh danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: th\u00f4ng qua t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Thanh to\u00e1n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n<\/strong>: Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng thanh to\u00e1n cho \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd (b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi <strong>\u0110\u1eb7t m\u00f3n \u0103n<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u mang \u0111i<\/strong>: Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 mang \u0111i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Bao g\u1ed3m<\/strong>: C\u1ea3 hai <strong>\u0110\u1eb7t m\u00f3n \u0103n<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>\u0110\u1eb7t b\u00e0n<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u <strong>X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<strong>\u0110\u1eb7t m\u00f3n \u0103n<\/strong> c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m <strong>Thanh to\u00e1n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n<\/strong> v\u00ec thanh to\u00e1n l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c sau khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: <strong>\u0110\u1eb7t m\u00f3n \u0103n<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi<strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u mang \u0111i<\/strong> n\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ch\u1ecdn mang \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n v\u1ec1.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/h3>\n<pre><code>[\u0110\u1eb7t m\u00f3n \u0103n] ----&lt;&lt;bao g\u1ed3m&gt;&gt;----&gt; [X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng]\r\n[\u0110\u1eb7t m\u00f3n \u0103n] ----&lt;&lt;bao g\u1ed3m&gt;&gt;----&gt; [Thanh to\u00e1n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n]\r\n[\u0110\u1eb7t b\u00e0n] ----&lt;&lt;bao g\u1ed3m&gt;&gt;----&gt; [X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng]\r\n[Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u mang \u0111i] ----&lt;&lt;m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng&gt;&gt;----&gt; [\u0110\u1eb7t m\u00f3n \u0103n]\r\n(Ghi ch\u00fa: \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n = Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u mang \u0111i)<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 dir=\"ltr\">Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m trong c\u1ea3<strong>\u0110\u1eb7t m\u00f3n \u0103n<\/strong> v\u00e0<strong>\u0110\u1eb7t b\u00e0n<\/strong> v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Thanh to\u00e1n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m trong<strong>\u0110\u1eb7t m\u00f3n \u0103n<\/strong> v\u00ec thanh to\u00e1n l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u mang \u0111i<\/strong> m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<strong>\u0110\u1eb7t m\u00f3n \u0103n<\/strong> v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u mang \u0111i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr\/>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Bao g\u1ed3m v\u00e0 M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n<ol class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf<\/strong>: Ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t use case \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u use case ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 use case c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ed1i r\u1eafm.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cho M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m trong use case c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u01a1i h\u00e0nh vi m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Gi\u1eef c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eadp trung<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1eabn \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<strong>Bao g\u1ed3m<\/strong> cho c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0<strong>M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong> cho c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>X\u00e1c minh t\u00ednh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho Bao g\u1ed3m<\/strong>: Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m n\u00ean c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u00f3a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/strong>: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<strong>Bao g\u1ed3m<\/strong> v\u00e0<strong>M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>ch\u1ec9 khi ch\u00fang mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn cho c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr\/>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\">Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh ch\u00fang<\/h2>\n<ol dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa Bao g\u1ed3m v\u00e0 M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Sai l\u1ea7m<\/strong>: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<strong>Bao g\u1ed3m<\/strong> cho h\u00e0nh vi t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn ho\u1eb7c<strong>M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong> cho h\u00e0nh vi b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/strong>: Lu\u00f4n ki\u1ec3m tra xem h\u00e0nh vi c\u00f3 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c hay kh\u00f4ng (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<strong>Bao g\u1ed3m<\/strong>) hay \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<strong>M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>B\u1eaby<\/strong>: T\u1ea1o qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u <strong>Include<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c <strong>Extend<\/strong> m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7, khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/strong>: Ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y khi ch\u00fang l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u01a1 h\u1ed3<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>B\u1eaby<\/strong>: Kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 <strong>Extend<\/strong> m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/strong>: Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t ghi ch\u00fa ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Bao g\u1ed3m h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"tight\" data-tight=\"true\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>B\u1eaby<\/strong>: T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr\/>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 <strong>Include<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>Extend<\/strong> trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng UML l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh module. C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 <strong>Include<\/strong> m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0nh vi b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c, chung, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 <strong>M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u00e0nh vi t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, gi\u00fap truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"ltr\">Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.visual-paradigm.com\/support\/documents\/vpuserguide\/94\/2575\/21179_documentingu.html\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong Visual Paradigm<\/a><br \/>\nH\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda v\u00e0 xem chi ti\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong Visual Paradigm.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.visual-paradigm.com\/support\/documents\/vpuserguide\/94\/2575\/6362_drawinguseca.html\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebd s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng? \u2013 Visual Paradigm<\/a><br \/>\nH\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng UML b\u1eb1ng Visual Paradigm.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.visual-paradigm.com\/guide\/uml-unified-modeling-language\/what-is-use-case-diagram\/\">S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u2013 Visual Paradigm<\/a><br \/>\nT\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u00e0nh vi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.visual-paradigm.com\/support\/documents\/vpuserguide\/94\/2575_usecasediagr.html\">S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong Visual Paradigm<\/a><br \/>\nGi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/circle.visual-paradigm.com\/docs\/uml-and-sysml\/use-case-diagram\/use-case-diagram-notations-guide\/\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u2013 Visual Paradigm<\/a><br \/>\nH\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng UML \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong Visual Paradigm.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.archimetric.com\/comprehensive-guide-to-creating-use-case-diagrams-with-visual-paradigm\/\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi Visual Paradigm<\/a><br \/>\nM\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 trong Visual Paradigm.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.angelfire.com\/space\/umltutor\/UseCaseModeling\/\">M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong Visual Paradigm cho UML \u2013 Angelfire<\/a><br \/>\nGi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch, chi ti\u1ebft h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u trong Visual Paradigm.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/guides.visual-paradigm.com\/demystifying-use-case-models-bridging-textual-detail-and-visual-insight\/\">Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i chi ti\u1ebft v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn tr\u1ef1c quan<\/a><br \/>\nTh\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p chi ti\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ef1c quan trong Visual Paradigm.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.visual-paradigm.com\/VPGallery\/diagrams\/UseCase.html\">S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u2013 C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a UML \u2013 Visual Paradigm<\/a><br \/>\nTrang web ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Visual Paradigm gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ng\u00f4n Ng\u1eef M\u00f4 H\u00ecnh H\u00f3a \u0110\u01a1n Nh\u1ea5t (UML)s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[60,62,58],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1630","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-unified-modeling-language","category-use-case-modeling","category-visual-paradigm"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>M\u1ed9t H\u01b0\u1edbng D\u1eabn To\u00e0n Di\u1ec7n V\u1ec1 C\u00e1c M\u1ed1i Quan H\u1ec7 Include v\u00e0 Extend Trong S\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed3 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